Convexity/Convex functions

A convex function f(x) is a real-valued function defined over a convex set X in a vector space such that for any two points x, y in the set and for any λ with $0\le \lambda \le 1,$

$f(\lambda x+(1-\lambda )y)\le \lambda f(x)+(1-\lambda )f(y).$

NB: Because X is convex, :$(\lambda x+(1-\lambda )y)$ must be in X.

If the function -f(x) is convex, f(x) is said to ba a concave function. It is easily seen that if a function is both convex and concave, it must be linear.

Theorem: A convex function on X is bounded above on any compact subset of X.

Theorem: A convex function on X is continuous at each point of the interior of X.

Theorem: If f(x) is convex in a set containing the origin O, and f(O) = 0, then Template:Frac is an increasing function of μ for μ > 0.

Template:Stub Template:BookCat