General Chemistry/Reactions of Acids and Bases/Answers

Answers to Reactions of Acids and Bases

${\text{HPO}}_4^{2-}+{\text{OH}}^{-}\to {\text{PO}}_4^{3-}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$	1. Equimolar solutions of sodium biphosphate and potassium hydroxide are mixed.
${\text{HPO}}_4^{2-}+{\text{H}}^{+}\to {\text{H}}_2{\text{PO}}_4^{-}$	2. Equimolar solutions of sodium biphosphate and hydrochloric acid are mixed.
${\text{SO}}_2+{\text{OH}}^{-}\to {\text{HSO}}_3^{-}$ ${\text{HSO}}_3^{-}+{\text{H}}^{+}\to {\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_3$	3. Excess sulfur dioxide gas is bubbled into a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide. Acid is then added.
${\text{Al}}^{3+}+3{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\to \text{Al}(\text{OH}{)}_3+3{\text{H}}^{+}$	4. Aluminum chloride is dissolved into water.
$\text{NaF}+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\to {\text{Na}}^{+}+{\text{OH}}^{-}+\text{HF}$ ${\text{H}}^{+}+{\text{OH}}^{-}\to {\text{H}}_2\text{O}$	5. Sodium fluoride is dissolved into water. Strong acid is then added.
${\text{SO}}_3+\text{CaO}\to {\text{CaSO}}_4$ Neutral. Ca2+ is the conjugate of a strong base and SO42- is the conjugate of a strong acid.	6. Solid calcium oxide is exposed to a stream of sulfur trioxide gas. If the resulting compound is dissolved, will the solution be acidic, basic, or neutral?
$\text{HCl}+{\text{Ag}}^{+}\to {\text{H}}^{+}+\text{AgCl}$ A cloudy precipitate forms, as silver chloride is not soluble.	7. Gaseous hydrogen chloride is bubbled into a solution of silver nitrate.
${\text{NH}}_4^{+}+{\text{OH}}^{-}\to {\text{NH}}_3+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$ Gas bubbles form.	8. Ammonium chloride crystals are dissolved in water. Sodium hydroxide is then added.
${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}+{\text{Ca}}^{2+}+{\text{OH}}^{-}\to {\text{H}}_2\text{O}+{\text{CaCO}}_3$ A cloudy precipitate forms, as calcium carbonate is not soluble. Hint: The hydroxide reacts with the bicarbonate to form water, then the resulting carbonate reacts with calcium.	9. Calcium hydroxide crystals are dissolved into a solution of sodium bicarbonate.
$\ddot{\text{P}}{\text{H}}_3+{\text{AlCl}}_3\to {\text{H}}_3\text{P}-{\text{AlCl}}_3$ They have formed a Lewis adduct. Aluminum chloride is a very strong Lewis acid. Phosphine is a Lewis base because there is a non-bonding pair of electrons on the P that can be donated.	10. Phosphine gas is sprayed onto pebbles of aluminum trichloride.